Banking

What is Routing Number?

A routing number is a nine-digit code that identifies your bank. You need it to set up direct deposits, wire transfers, and automated payments. It is used to identify the specific bank responsible for processing electronic transactions, check clearings, and direct deposits. The routing number is combined with an individual account number to direct funds accurately through the ACH and Fedwire networks.

Routing numbers are printed on the bottom left of paper checks, preceding the account number. Lenders and payroll processors require both numbers to initiate automated payments or direct deposits under federal banking rules.

Quick Facts

Official NameABA Routing Transit Number (RTN)

Length & FormatExactly 9 numeric digits

Primary FunctionIdentifies financial institution during transaction clearing

Usage NetworksACH network, Fedwire, check clearing houses

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE

To set up a direct deposit, an employee fills out an authorization form listing their bank's 9-digit routing number and their unique checking account number, ensuring the employer's payroll system directs the funds to the correct bank.

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Learn More Key Concepts

Checking AccountA highly liquid transactional deposit account held at a bank, allowing for frequent deposits and immediate withdrawals.

ACH TransferA batch-processed electronic fund transfer between financial institutions, governed by the Nacha network.

Wire TransferAn immediate electronic transfer of funds between financial institutions, typically executed via the Fedwire network.

Direct DepositThe electronic transfer of a payment directly into a recipient's bank account, bypassing paper checks.

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